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Milnquarter Fireclay Mine
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Roughcastle Fireclay Mine
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Originally opened in the 1930s by James Campbell, to supply clay to Roughcastle Fireclay Works, owned by Campbell & Co. Closed in 1981 under ownership of Dyson Refractories
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Dyson Refractories
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Roughcastle Mine was about 30m deep and was worked by the stoop and room method. Coal was worked in 25 cm seams. The mine was not pumped, as water drained naturally into an old shaft. Output per day in 1979 was 20 tons of coal and 95 tons of fireclay. The mine employed about 14 men.
The workings dated from the 1930s although fireclay had been mined for much longer in the area. The mine supplied Roughcastle and later Dyson Refractories. Usually the mine was owned by the brickworks. It closed in 1981. |
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Greenhill Fireclay Co Ltd
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Bonnybridge Silica & Fireclay Co Ltd
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Originated with partnership in 1874 of Azariah Griffiths of Sheffield and Alexander Whyte, flesher, of Alma St, Falkirk. Griffiths became sole partner in 1887. The company was incorporated as Bonnybridge Silica & Fireclay Co in 1906. In 1936, merged with Calder Fireclay Co (founded in 1880) which ran Armadale Brickworks, and combined company then opened Chapelhall Works. Torwood Mine opened in 1940s and company took over Aitkendean Mine, Carrington, Midlothian in the 1960s although this closed shortly afterwards. In 1961 the company was bought from the Griffiths family and re-financed by Scotcros Ltd and re-named Bonnybridge Refractories Ltd. The company was sold to Hepworth Ceramic Holdings in 1972. Bonnybridge Works closed in 1973 and Chapelhall Works closed in 1980.The company's registered office is in Linlithgow, West Lothian. Bonnybridge Silica & Fireclay Co was incorporated in 1969 with the registration number SC047123.
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Glenboig Union Fireclay Co
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Hurll, P & M Ltd
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P & M Hurll Ltd owned Birkhill Clay Mine in Bo'ness. Birkhill Clay Mine had high quality fireclay deposits which have been exploited since the 18th century. The partnership of P & M Hurll Ltd, Glenboig, was established around 1887 . Mark Hurll leased Birkhill from Hamilton Estates in 1908 and the company took over the mine in 1916. P & M Hurll went into liquidation in July 1980.
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Stein, John G & Co Ltd
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John G Stein leased the fireclay at Milnquarter, Bonnybridge from Zetland Estates in 1887 and opened Milnquarter Fireclay Mine. In 1891 he went into partnership with Malcolm Cockburn and opened Milnquarter Brickworks, Bonnybridge. In 1896 Stein became sole partner and the company was incorporated as John G Stein & Co in 1905.
Anchor Works opened in the 1890s and Castlecary Works opened in 1899. Its kiln was the longest in the world at over 300 metres. Manuel Works, near Whitecross was opened in 1928 and closed 28 December 2001. In 1931 the Anchor Works were closed. In the late 1960s, Milnquarter was also closed in late 1960s and by October 1971 mine had ceased working. In 1970 J G Stein & Co merged with General Refractories Ltd and as GR-Stein became a subsidiary of Hepworth Ceramic Holdings Ltd |
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D & G R Rankine
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Craigend Refractories Ltd
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Craigend Brickworks Ltd was established in 1938. Works closed in 1943 due to lack of demand for bricks, but re-opened after the war. Name changed to Craigend Refractories Ltd in February 1972 and company sole to Amalgamated Anthracite Holdings Ltd. In October 1982 the Carbrook Mine and in 1983 Craigend Works were closed and the remaining assets and trade names sold to the Burn Fireclay Co of Morpeth.
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Millstone Grit & Fireclay Co
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Incorporated in 1966 and took over the common brickworks at Herbertshire, Denny. Worked open cast fireclay pits at Threaprigg and Slamannan Plateau. Merged with Burn Fireclay Co of Morpeth in 1979 and Herbertshire Brickworks closed.
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Calder Fireclay Co
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Glenyards Fireclay Co
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Grangemouth Coal & Fireclay Co
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Founded in the 1830s extracting clay, ironstone and coal from mines near Newton Mains, Bothkennar. By mid 19th century were operating Grangemouth Brickworks, making fireclay bricks and ornamental terracotta pottery. Exhibited at the Great Exhibition of 1851.
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Walker Graham
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Miner
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Lanarkshire Mine Owners' Association
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Castlecary Fireclay Co Ltd
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Established during the late 19th century by Alexander Weir and incorporated in 1909. Works in Castlecary known as Weir's Castlecary in order to distinguish from Stein's Castlecary Works which were nearby. Acquired Faskine & Palacecraig Brick & Coal Co in 1918. Taken over by General Refractories of Sheffield in 1936 and became part of the Glenboig Union Fireclay Co. Works closed in 1968.
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Callendar Brick & Fireclay Co Ltd
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Callendar Brick & Fireclay Co Ltd was formed in 1947 following the nationalisation of coal, but the company's origins date back to around 1832 when brickworks were built on the south side of Lock 5 of the Forth & Clyde Canal. These works were taken over by James Potter of Glenfuir by 1860 and James Potter & Co was established by 1886. James Potter was also a partner in the Callendar Coal Co from 1868, along with William Forbes and James Dougal. Callendar Coal Co leased the mineral rights of Callendar Estate. The brick and fireclay works were moved to Glen Village in the 1880s and thereafter were part of the Callendar Coal Co. When coal was nationalised in 1947, the brickworks were separated off into a private company, the Callendar Brick & Fireclay Co Ltd. In 1967 the company was bought by Hepworth Iron Co and the works closed down.
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Greencraig Coal Co.
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Ross, J W H & Co
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